Orca (Orcinus orca) - Revision history

Nadia at 10:11, 29 April 2024

2024-04-29T10:11:08Z

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	[[Category:Orcas]]		[[Category:Orcas]]
	[[Category:Cetacean]]		[[Category:Cetacean]]
			[[Category:Bracketed title]]

Whitedog: /* See also */

2024-01-13T00:39:41Z

Whitedog at 00:26, 13 January 2024

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	* [[List of living captive orcas]]		* [[List of living captive orcas]]
	* [[Cetacean entanglements]]		* [[Cetacean entanglements]]
			{{Orca/See also}}

	== External links ==		== External links ==

Nadia: Nadia moved page Orca - Orcinus orca to Orca (Orcinus orca)

2023-12-29T11:49:58Z

Nadia moved page Orca - Orcinus orca to Orca (Orcinus orca)

← Older revision	Revision as of 11:49, 29 December 2023
(No difference)

Nadia at 11:49, 29 December 2023

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	[[Category:Cetacea (infraorder)]]		[[Category:Cetacea (infraorder)]]
	[[Category:Orcas]]		[[Category:Orcas]]
	~~[[Category:Animal index]]~~
	[[Category:Cetacean]]		[[Category:Cetacean]]

WikiAnimal at 19:06, 17 August 2023

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	[[File:Type C Orcas 2.jpg\|alt=Orca in the Ross Sea\|thumb\|Orca in the Ross Sea]]The ~~killer whale~~ (''Orcinus orca''), also known as ~~orca~~, is the largest member of the dolphin family and the top predator in the ocean. They are found in all oceans, from the polar regions to the tropics, and have a varied diet and culture depending on their population and ecotype. Some populations of killer whales are endangered or depleted due to human activities, such as hunting, overfishing, pollution, and noise disturbance.		{{Project species box 2}}[[File:Type C Orcas 2.jpg\|alt=Orca in the Ross Sea\|thumb\|Orca in the Ross Sea]]The '''orca (''Orcinus orca'')''', also known as the killer whale, is the largest member of the dolphin family and the top predator in the ocean. They are found in all oceans, from the polar regions to the tropics, and have a varied diet and culture depending on their population and ecotype. Some populations of killer whales are endangered or depleted due to human activities, such as hunting, overfishing, pollution, and noise disturbance.

	== Description ==		== Description ==

Whitedog: /* See also */

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Whitedog: /* Threats */

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Threats

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:02, 13 August 2023
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	== Threats ==		== Threats ==

	* Entanglement in fishing gear		* [[Cetacean entanglements\|Entanglement in fishing gear]]
	* Prey depletion		* Prey depletion
	* Chemical contamination		* Chemical contamination
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	== External links ==		== External links ==

	* [https://www.~~youtube~~.~~com~~/~~watch?v=9TLg~~-~~YlDog0 Orca's Extraordinary Hunting Technique~~] ~~BBC Earth - YouTube~~		* [https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/killer-whale Killer Whale] NOAA

	== References ==		== References ==

Whitedog at 13:00, 13 August 2023

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 == Hunting ==
-Orcas are precise and efficient hunters that use different strategies depending on their prey and region<ref name=":3">[https://wearesonar.org/2015/06/08/three-amazing-orca-hunting-strategies/ Three Amazing Orca Hunting Strategies] We Are Sonar</ref>. They feed on over 140 species, including great white sharks, which they rip open for their livers and hearts¹. They can flip the sharks over to induce a state of paralysis and make them easy to eat<ref name=":3" />. They can also come ashore to hunt seals and sea lion pups, hiding their dorsal fins and beaching themselves<ref name=":3" />.
+Orcas are precise and efficient hunters that use different strategies depending on their prey and region.<ref name=":3">[https://wearesonar.org/2015/06/08/three-amazing-orca-hunting-strategies/ Three Amazing Orca Hunting Strategies] We Are Sonar</ref> They feed on over 140 species, including great white sharks, which they rip open for their livers and hearts¹. They can flip the sharks over to induce a state of paralysis and make them easy to eat.<ref name=":3" /> They can also come ashore to hunt seals and sea lion pups, hiding their dorsal fins and beaching themselves.<ref name=":3" />
-Some Antarctic orcas use the cunning tactic of regularly hunting in packs and making waves to wash seals off floating ice⁶. These hunting techniques are almost ritualistic and are passed down from generation to generation.
+Some Antarctic orcas use the cunning tactic of regularly hunting in packs and making waves to wash seals off floating ice. These hunting techniques are almost ritualistic and are passed down from generation to generation.
 == Captivity ==
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 The practice of keeping orcas in captivity is harmful to the animals due to the separation from their familial pod during capture, and their living conditions and health in captivity.<ref name=":5" />
 == See also ==

Whitedog at 12:56, 13 August 2023

2023-08-13T12:56:24Z

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	~~{{Project species box}}~~[[File:Type C Orcas 2.jpg\|alt=Orca in the Ross Sea\|thumb\|Orca in the Ross Sea]]~~Orcas~~, also known as ~~killer whales~~, ~~are among the world’s most easily recognised marine mammals. They are~~ the largest member of the dolphin family and are ~~highly intelligent and social animals<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orca Wikipedia</ref>. Orcas can be~~ found in all ~~of the world's~~ oceans ~~in a variety of marine environments~~, from ~~Arctic and Antarctic~~ regions to ~~tropical seas. They~~ have a ~~diverse~~ diet~~, although individual~~ populations ~~often specialize in particular types~~ of ~~prey. Some feed exclusively on fish~~, ~~while others hunt marine mammals~~ such as ~~seals~~ and ~~other species of dolphin~~.		[[File:Type C Orcas 2.jpg\|alt=Orca in the Ross Sea\|thumb\|Orca in the Ross Sea]]The killer whale (''Orcinus orca''), also known as orca, is the largest member of the dolphin family and the top predator in the ocean. They are found in all oceans, from the polar regions to the tropics, and have a varied diet and culture depending on their population and ecotype. Some populations of killer whales are endangered or depleted due to human activities, such as hunting, overfishing, pollution, and noise disturbance.

	Orcas are ~~apex predators, as they have no natural predators~~. They ~~are highly social; some populations are composed of very stable matrilineal family groups (pods) which are~~ the ~~most stable of any animal species~~. ~~Their sophisticated hunting techniques~~ and ~~vocal behaviors, which are often specific to a particular group and passed across generations~~, ~~have been described as manifestations of animal culture<ref name=":0" />.~~		== Description ==
			Orcas are mostly black on top with white undersides and white patches near the eyes. They also have a gray or white saddle patch behind the dorsal fin. These markings vary widely between individuals and populations. Adult males develop disproportionately larger pectoral flippers, dorsal fins, tail flukes, and girths than females.
	~~Orcas are apex predators~~, as they have no natural predators. They are highly social; some populations are composed of very stable matrilineal family groups (pods) which are the most stable of any animal species. Their sophisticated hunting techniques and vocal behaviors, ~~which are often specific to a particular group~~ and ~~passed across generations, have been described as manifestations of animal culture~~.

	== Types ==		== Types ==
	[[File:Killer-Whale-Poster-NOAA-Southwest-Fisheries-Science-Center.jpg\|alt=Orca types. Credit to NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center.\|thumb\|Orca types. Credit to NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center.]]		[[File:Killer-Whale-Poster-NOAA-Southwest-Fisheries-Science-Center.jpg\|alt=Orca types. Credit to NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center.\|thumb\|Orca types. Credit to NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center.]]
	Orcas ~~or killer whales~~ have a cosmopolitan distribution and several distinct populations or types have been documented or suggested<ref name=":6">[[wikipedia:Orca_types_and_populations\|Orca types and populations]] Wikipedia</ref>. Three to five types of orcas may be distinct enough to be considered different races, subspecies, or possibly even species<ref name=":6" />. The IUCN reported in 2008, "The taxonomy of this genus is clearly in need of review, and it is likely that O. orca will be split into a number of different species or at least subspecies over the next few years."<ref name=":6" />.		Orcas have a cosmopolitan distribution and several distinct populations or types have been documented or suggested<ref name=":6">[[wikipedia:Orca_types_and_populations\|Orca types and populations]] Wikipedia</ref>. Three to five types of orcas may be distinct enough to be considered different races, subspecies, or possibly even species<ref name=":6" />. The IUCN reported in 2008, "The taxonomy of this genus is clearly in need of review, and it is likely that O. orca will be split into a number of different species or at least subspecies over the next few years."<ref name=":6" />.

			In the eastern North Pacific Ocean, there are three distinct types of orcas recognized—transient, resident, and offshore.<ref name=":7">[https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/meet-the-different-types-of-orcas/ Meet the different types of orcas] Whale & Dolphin Conservation USA. </ref> Residents live close to shore in large pods of about 10 to 20 individuals and feed primarily on fish.

	In the eastern North Pacific Ocean, there are three distinct types of orcas recognized—transient, resident, and offshore.<ref name=":7">[https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/meet-the-different-types-of-orcas/ Meet the different types of orcas] Whale & Dolphin Conservation USA. </ref> Residents live close to shore in large pods of about 10 to 20 individuals and feed primarily on fish³. Offshore orcas are similar to residents but are distinguished by their smaller overall size and rounded, nicked fins.<ref name=":7" />		Offshore orcas are similar to residents but are distinguished by their smaller overall size and rounded, nicked fins.<ref name=":7" />

	== ~~Social behaviour~~ ==		== Behaviour ==
	~~Orcas~~ are highly social ~~animals that~~ live in groups or pods where they hunt together and share responsibility for raising young and taking care of the sick or injured.<ref name=":1">[https://medcraveonline.com/IJAWB/orcas-are-social-mammals.html Orcas are social mammals] MedCrave online</ref> ~~They have evolved~~ a ~~complex culture: a suite of behaviors~~ animals ~~learn from one another. They communicate with distinctive calls~~ and ~~whistles and can live 60 years~~ or more. They stay in tight-knit matrilineal groups led by older females that model specific behaviors to younger animals<ref>[https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/understanding-orca-culture-12494696/ Understanding Orca Culture] Smithsonian Magazine</ref>.		Killer whales are highly social, and most live in social groups called pods (groups of maternally related individuals seen together more than half the time) where they hunt together and share responsibility for raising young and taking care of the sick or injured.<ref name=":1">[https://medcraveonline.com/IJAWB/orcas-are-social-mammals.html Orcas are social mammals] MedCrave online</ref> Individual whales tend to stay in their natal pods. Pods typically consist of a few to 20 or more animals, and larger groups sometimes form for temporary social interactions, mating, or seasonal concentrations of prey.

	~~Orcas have demonstrated captivating social habits~~, ~~such as living in highly distinctive lifelong pods~~, ~~as well as exceptional memory~~ and ~~communication skills (amongst~~ other ~~qualities)~~, ~~which have enabled them to acquire immense popularity amongst cetacean admirers<ref name=":1" />~~. ~~Based on observations both in captivity and~~ in the ~~wild, orcas seem to exhibit~~ a ~~wide range~~ of ~~emotions, including frustration, anger, fear, joy~~ and ~~even self–awareness, which makes them enthralling to observe~~ as ~~social mammals<ref name=":1" />~~.		Killer whales rely on underwater sound to feed, communicate, and navigate. Pod members communicate with each other through clicks, whistles, and pulsed calls. Each pod in the eastern North Pacific possesses a unique set of calls that are learned and culturally transmitted among individuals. These calls maintain group cohesion and serve as family badges.

	== Communication ==		== Communication ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:39, 13 January 2024
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	== See also ==		== See also ==

	* [[List of deceased captive orcas]]
	* [[List of living captive orcas]]
	* [[Cetacean entanglements]]		* [[Cetacean entanglements]]
	{{Orca/See also}}		{{Orca/See also}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:03, 13 August 2023
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	* [[List of deceased captive orcas]]		* [[List of deceased captive orcas]]
	* [[List of living captive orcas]]		* [[List of living captive orcas]]
			* [[Cetacean entanglements]]

	== External links ==		== External links ==